GeekwithEnvy

Richard Vincenti Jr

A Quick Look at How Lightning Works and a Cool Video

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It’s that time of year again in most the United States when we start to see warming temperatures and that means a lots of thunderstorms. We see the flash and then hear the rumble of thunder as we witness the power of our planet’s weather system.

Although many of us have experienced a thunderstorm, few truly understand what’s going on out there when lightning strikes. It’s quite clear why it would be difficult to determine exactly what’s going on when a thunderstorm produces lightning, after all, lightning happens in a split second. Thankfully, there are lots of people out there studying storms and using high speed cameras to slow everything down, this helps us get a clearer picture of what’s happening. One of those people is Tom A. Warner, a photographer who has captured some amazing footage of lightning, among many other things.

Lightning occurs when a storm becomes electrified. As the storm moves over an area, it’s negative charge causes the ground around it go become positively charged. This build up and difference in electrical charge is why lightning occurs. What’s even more interesting is that the lighting doesn’t just come lying out of the cloud, at least not initially. A Stepped Leader (-) begins to make it’s way down from the cloud as streamers (+) move upward from the ground. When the streamer meets the step leader then connection is complete and we see the resulting discharge as lightning. In the video above you can clearly see the Stepped Leader searching for the best path for the lightning to take.

Anything can produce a streamer towards a storm cloud, it’s usually a tall object but even you could be producing one. What’s worse is you could become part of the circuit and bam, you’ve been hit by lightning. That’s why it’s important to follow safety guidelines if your caught in a storm

Lightning Animation B
Stepped Leader Animation (Credit: NOAA)
Lightning Animation A
Streamer Animation (Credit: NOAA)

 

 

 

Catch The Lyrid Meteor Shower This Weekend

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lyridsFromSpace
The Lyrid Meteor Shower as seen from the International Space Station (Source:NASA)

Every year the Earth passes through an area of debris in space that is left behind from Comet Thatcher. When we pass through this area of dust, we on the Earth’s surface get to see quite a show.

This meteor shower is known as the Lyrid meteor shower and the radiant of the shower (where the shower appears to originate) is near the brightest star in the constellation Lyra, Vega. The shower will be at it’s peek this weekend on April 21 and 22 (Sunday night and early Monday morning).

Unfortunately, many of us will have difficulty observing this event as the Moon will be very bright, almost full. No need to get discouraged though as you should still be able to see many of them anyway, especially farther away from sources of light pollution like bigger cities. As you watch space debris streak across the sky, think about how they are moving at over 100,000 mph or 160,934 km/h, it’s pretty cool stuff.

Nintendo’s Secret Song and How to Hear It

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Who doesn’t love finding hidden things? In video games there are often many different hidden secrets within the content and sometimes these little gems are referred to a “Easter Eggs”.

Easter Egg

One unique secret is actually a song known as “Totaka’s Song”. This interesting little number was created by Kazumi Totaka, a video game the composer who has created music for titles such as Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins and The Legend of Zelda: Link’s Awakening.

The song, like any good secret, can be quite difficult to find. One of the easier ways to find the song is in the game Mario Paint where all you have to do to hear the special tune is click on the “O” when your at the title screen of the game.

Here is a list of known titles that contain this secret song:

  • Animal Forest (Japan) and Animal Crossing (World)
  • Animal Crossing: City Folk
  • Animal Crossing e-Reader cards (#P15, “Boy”, “Who’s Dunnit?”)
  • Animal Crossing: Wild World
  • Animal Crossing: New Leaf
  • Kaeru no Tame ni Kane wa Naru
  • The Legend of Zelda: Link’s Awakening and the DX version
  • Luigi’s Mansion
  • Mario Artist: Talent Studio
  • Mario Paint
  • Pikmin 2
  • Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins
  • Virtual Boy Wario Land
  • X
  • X-Scape
  • Yoshi’s Story
  • Yoshi Touch & Go

 

How To Test Your CPU Performance with SuperPi and wPrime

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superPi

For a custom PC builder there’s nothing more satisfying than finishing up your build so you can put it to the test. Sure you can open up an application and perform certain tasks to give you an idea of how your new build is performing, but you can also use specific programs that are designed specifically to benchmark.

One of these applications is actually quite simple. SuperPi calculates Pi to a specific number of digits and then displays the time it took to calculate the answer for each iteration. You can also determine the accuracy of the calculation which can also help determine stability of the system, this is perfect for overclocking.

It’s important to note that SuperPi is intended to test single threaded performance, if you’re looking to test multi-threaded performance you can utilize wPrime.

wPrime uses a recursive call of Newton’s method for estimating functions, with f(x)=x2-k, where k is the number we’re square rooting, until Sgn(f(x)/f'(x)) does not equal that of the previous iteration, starting with an estimation of k/2. It then uses an iterative calling of the estimation method a set amount of times to increase the accuracy of the results. It then confirms that n(k)2=k to ensure the calculation was correct. It repeats this for all numbers from 1 to the requested maximum.

 

Powerful Solar Flare Hits Earth

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SunimageNASA
Image Credit: SOHO/Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) consortium

We are getting closer to a solar maximum, the peak of the sun’s activity, which will occur later this year and is part of an 11 year cycle that our Sun goes through. This of course means the the likelihood of major solar flares is quite high. One such solar flare hit the Earth this past Thursday (11th) at 3:16 am EDT and actually caused a short lived radio blackout.

The radio blackout was assigned an R2 on the NOAA Space Weather Scale for Radio Blackouts. The highest rating on the scale is an R5 with the lowest impact being an R1. This is just one of several scales used to determine the intensity of space weather and it’s potential impacts here on Earth. There is also a scale for Geomagnetic Storms and Solar Radiation, all of which can be found on NOAA’s Space weather Scale page.

Increased solar activity can wreak havoc on electronic devices, power grids, satellites and even pose a threat to astronauts in space. In very rare cases, radiation can pose a risk to those flying in aircraft at high altitudes. Fortunately, the Sun has been pretty quite otherwise, with Thursday being the largest event of the year so far.